It is no secret that the world we inhabit today is divided...

It is no secret that the world we inhabit today is divided amongst social classes. However, while the boundaries between those classes have become blurred over time concerning personal relationships, the same cannot be said about the society in which our principal characters exist in Pamela; Or, Virtue Rewarded (1740). Readers encounter Pamela, Mr. B, and Lady Davers in a world where the elite only associate with other elite, and furthermore even expect to be granted certain privileges over those beneath them. The actions of these three characters perfectly reflect the attitudes of the era in which this novel is set. It is their respective social classes that lead to the behaviors of the characters, from the physical and emotional†¦show more content†¦117). The word â€Å"obey† is pivotal in her statement, as it solidifies the idea that Pamela responds to Mr. B due to the fact that she understands he is above her and thus she must cater to his wishes. In the same fashion that Pamela reacts in a certain way to the actions of those above her due to her low social standing, the actions of Mr. B and Lady Davers can also be explained by their status. The novel identifies these characters as brother and sister, children of the late Lady B, which makes it obvious to the reader that they are rather high on the social ladder. During Pamela’s stay at the Lincolnshire estate, she receives a letter from Mr. B in which he writes, â€Å"Consider who it is that urges you to give him leave to go to his own house† (Richardson p. 170). Clearly Mr. B has fully bought into the idea that because he was born into a higher family, he is therefore more important and is due the obedience of those below him. While this case does not explicitly address Mr. B’s physical aggression toward Pamela, it can be safely assumed that he carries this attitude at all times and would expect the obedience of Pamela for these same reasons. While Mr. Bâ€⠄¢s feelings toward Pamela are evident throughout the story, Lady Davers makes her feelings toward Pamela felt after her marriage to Mr. B; or rather, after what Lady DaversShow MoreRelatedThe House of the Seven Gables by Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay6806 Words   |  28 Pagespoor fellow named Matthew Maule. Maule was a nobody. Furthermore, he was rumored to be practicing witchcraft. For this, he was hanged and it was rumored that Pyncheon was responsible for it because he wanted the land for himself. However, his social prominence and Maules infamy allowed him to get away with the crime smoothly. Before Maule died though, cursed him saying, God will give him blood to drink. For years, the Pyncheon-Maule dispute carried on. The long line of PyncheonsRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pageswill give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting the subject of organisational theory. Whilst their writing is accessible and engaging, their approach is scholarly and serious. It is so easy for students (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic

Gender and politics - 2324 Words

UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI INSTITUTE OF AFRICAN AND GENDER STUDIES EVENING CLASS: MODULE 2 INTRODUCTION Social class, status, and power are predetermined by one’s gender. Within today’s patriarchal society, men simply possess greater power than women, â€Å"and enjoy greater access to what is valued by the social group.† (Code 1993), Patriarchal thought produces male dominance, and authority within multiple areas, including politics. Throughout history, governments have designed laws to maintain such divisions of power, resulting in the oppression of women. â€Å"Patriarchal power relations construct sexual differences as political differences by giving legal form to the belief that women, because of their sex, are fit only to serve as wives and†¦show more content†¦Indeed, the higher you go the fewer women you see. The question of womens representation in elected bodies and in other decision making committees, needs to be seen in the light of this blatant imbalance due to gender discrimination. There is no doubt that over the years, men have been dominating politics of most countries in the world. But it doesn’t mean they did splendid job in what they are suppose to do? Politics has never been an easy place for any man who supposedly can’t even handle political landscape at home and family of course. Today, most countries in the world face problems of democracy, justice, equality, social problems arising from bad governance of those in corridor of power who are mostly men. Having failed to provide good governance, when come to think of it, there is nothing wrong if women who are noted to be caring, concern, and responsible are given more chances in government for possible change in the ‘status quo. Should a woman involve in politics have always been subject of controversy over the years. But among other political posts today few women are already presidents of countries and senators, assembly members, and councilors. Cristina Fernà ¡ndez de Kirchner (Ar gentina), Dilma Rousseff (Brazil) and Joyce Banda (Malawi) presidents of representative countries have proven that woman can own a place on the top of political settings. WomanShow MoreRelatedThe Complicated Politics Of Gender Identity Essay3466 Words   |  14 PagesQueerness in Macbeth: The Complicated Politics of Gender Identity Saswata Kusari and Prof. Mahua Bhattacharjee Abstract: The thematic concern of appearance and reality is dealt with at various levels in Macbeth. This paper is an exploration of how the conventional ideas of gender and sexuality are subverted in this play. The paper would also seek to explore how the paradigmatic shift in the conventional gender identity creates a sense of queerness. Our attempt is to interrogate the play from anRead MoreA Critical Discussion On Gender, Masculinity, Power, And Gender Politics1656 Words   |  7 Pageson the Ways in Which Sociologists Attempt to Study Aspects of Gender In order to study gender, sociologists must adopt particular research methodologies and examine certain theoretical perspectives when conducting research in gender. The study of gender is broad and consists of many different aspects regarding masculinities and femininities including hegemonic masculinity and the concept of ‘doing/undoing gender’. These aspects of gender and the methodologies adopted by sociologists to study thesesRead MoreRace And Gender Politics : Purple Hibiscus1487 Words   |  6 Pagesrace and gender politics shapes African women’s lives in the novel, Purple Hibiscus. There are three analytical dimensions that I discovered in this novel. 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What you need (So-What): ï‚   Examination of restrictive gender roles and their effects ï‚   Acceptance of your own sexual orientation and identity ï‚   Repudiation of the Midwestern tendency to accept comfort rather than â€Å"happiness†

Handel and Bach Comparisons free essay sample

When thinking of composers, whose works changed the world of music forever, many names may come to mind. Among those on that list, both Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frederic Handel are figures whose effect on music has been felt worldwide. Born In the same year, these composers have much In common and many differences that Illustrate their Importance to their era and music as we see It today.Their individualism and creativity influenced much of their time and together, their arks defined the Baroque Period as we know it today. Johann Sebastian Bach, born in the year 1685, was a German born composer, virtuoso organist and keyboard player, a violinist, and a violist. His career includes over 1100 known compositions Including 224 Cantatas, 7 motets, 24 large scale works including passions, 274 chorales, 223 organ works, and numerous cannons, fugues, chamber music, and lute pieces. Most famous for being an organist, Bach used many German styles.Perhaps one of his most famous works, Bachs Well-Tempered Clavier, is a collection of solo keyboard music that he composed. We will write a custom essay sample on Handel and Bach Comparisons or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This collection, also known as the Well-Tempered Keyboard, consists of 48 preludes and fugues in all of the major and minor keys. Compiled over a span of many years, these works are compiled In two books, one compiled in Gotten, the other In Leipzig. Each book contains twenty four pairs of preludes and fugues. And, being paired In each of the twelve major and minor keys, they are arranged in rising chromatic order from C to B.This is considered by many to be Bachs greatest keyboard piece and influenced the course of history, having been studied closely by Haydn and Mozart. Upon his death n 1750, Bach had become widely known, and his influence on music grew with the years of his passing and his works are still Influencing the world of music today. George Frederic Handel, however, served Just an Important role In his era. Born In 1 685, the same year as Bach, Handel was a German composer, famous for his operas, oratorios, anthems, and organ concertos.His career includes 42 operas, 29 oratorios, 16 organ concerti, over 120 cantatas, trios and duets, chamber music, odes, and many ecumenical pieces, his most famous work being the Oratorio Messiah. Composed in 1741, the oratorio was preformed first in Dublin in 1742. It had a scriptural text from the King James Bible and was written for modest vocal and Instrumental forces. The work, although very much In the style of Handel, Is a series of thoughts on the Christian idea of redemption and utilizes a mixture of traditions.After Handels death in 1759, the Oratorio began to gain popularity even further and was adapted to larger scale choirs and orchestras. Handel has very much influenced the world of music, especially through his operas, and has grown in popularity throughout the years. As the inventor of English Oratorios and being so well known for his Italian operas his Tyler and Influence Is felt around the world even still In the music of today. Born in the same year, both excelled at organ and studied the music of German and Italian composers.Being masters at counterpoint, both exhibited similarities in their skills and styles. Aside from Bachs absence from opera, both composers had remarkable influence on nearly every contemporary genre. They both made huge impressions on keyboard pieces, being exceptionally skilled at organ. They both dedicated their lives to music and could, as well, play the violin. These composers both made great headway in the music of their era and helped to define the music of hat time period. Both were blind later in their lives and pursued their career further.Traveling and having studied in much of the same areas, their influences have been felt world round and even today, both composers contributions to music can be seen in modern day music. Although similar and different in many ways, all can agree that both Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frederic Handel, had significant influences on the arouse period and modern day music. Their influence on music history can be Identified in the works of many famous composers who studied their works, including Mozart, Haydn, and even Beethoven.

Historical Methodologies

The credibility and accuracy of any historically account depends on the type of approach that the historians use in the course of their work. Historians must be conversant with available methodologies and approaches in order for them to handle evidence collection and interpretation in the best way possible (Green, 1999). Historical research and analysis is not an easy task as it seems due to the technicalities involved.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Historical Methodologies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Historical methodologies and approaches consist of concepts and techniques used by historians to explore and highlight different types of historical events (Green, 1999). Each historical approach tends to challenge previous approaches as it attempts to improve historical research and analysis. This paper will discuss different types of types of historical approaches used by historians and the contributio n that each approach makes to the general field of historical studies. Empiricism is a historical methodology that is based on the theory that human knowledge is gained through knowledge and experience. This approach refutes the argument that human beings possess some innate ideas that can not be imparted through experience (Green, 1999). According to the empiricism approach, history can only be retrieved through sensory perception and scientific experiments. The empiricism historical approach emphasizes the fact that historians must test their theories and hypotheses through physical observation of events and other natural phenomena rather than mere intuition. The empiricism approach is widely used in philosophy and history when conducting a theoretical inquiry. The hypotheses used in this approach must be testable using scientific methods. Empiricism completely opposes rationalism which emphasizes on intuition and reason as definite sources of knowledge. The use of human senses to perceive and conceive historical knowledge and other types of knowledge is what the empiricism approach focuses on (Green, 1999). The Empiricism approach was widely developed by Aristotle and is among the early historical approaches. Historical materialism is a concept developed by Karl Marx and has become a very important methodological approach in the conception of history. This approach is used in the study of economic history and the general society. The historical materialism approach emphasizes the fact that the economic activities that human beings engage in give rise to the non-economic features of the society (Howell, 2001). Political structures and social classes come as result of economic activity. The original argument of the materialism approach was that human beings have to produce the fundamental necessities of life to guarantee survival.Advertising Looking for term paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn Mo re Despite this methodological approach being used to understand historical developments and the society in general, it also emphasizes on the importance of production relations in sustaining economic production. Division of labor is key to maintaining the production network where human beings perform different duties in the production of the various necessities of life (Howell, 2001). The ability to use means of production such as human knowledge and raw materials characterize the success of the Marxist ideology. The materialism approach tries to highlight the modes of production that the society has employed over time. This approach sets to highlight the economic history of the society by examining the modes of production used in the society through time (Howell, 2001). In the course of interacting with nature, human beings are able to produce their material needs in different ways. According to Marx, the productive forces in the society determine the mode of production to be ad opted by that society. Some of the modes of production that Marx came up with include communism, feudalism and capitalism as they follow each other in chronological order (Green, 1999). Materialism is a methodological approach that helps historians to fully comprehend the basis of change that constantly takes place in the human society. According to Marx, the human history is coherent in the manner that productive forces and modes of production are inherited from one generation to another as they continue to be improved and developed in tandem with technological advances and changing human needs. The struggle between different social classes for economic resources is what makes history (Green, 1999). The materialism approach is against the idea of human history being perceived as a series of accidents. The materialism approach emphasizes the fact that the present can only be understood by studying the past. Past events and activities shape the present both socially and economically. There are various observations through which history can be developed using the Marxist ideologies. To begin with, the social development of a society is entirely dependent on the amount of productive forces that the society has (Green, 1999). Social relationships within the society stem from production relations which human beings have no choice but to get involved. Productive forces determine whether production relationships develop or not. The mode of production plays a critical role in determining the rate at which the production forces develop. According to Marxist beliefs, the society is founded on its relations of production and modes of production. Economic exploitation in the society is brought about by a particular social class that uses the state as an instrument of forming and protecting their production relations (Green, 1999).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Historical Methodologies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The materialism approach also disputes the fact that the historical process is predetermined. Social classes within the society struggle and in the process form the actual historical process. The society goes through various stages of economic transformation as a natural way of sustaining itself. The social science approach is one of the major methodologies used by sociology historians in an attempt to try and understand the sociological history of a particular society. Social science uses scientific method to analyze and understand the past social life. The field of social science is very wide and handles a lot of disciplines including historical research and analysis of social history (Howell, 2001). This approach does not deal with natural sciences but it employs the same methods used in studying natural science to explain and analyze the social life of a particular society. The social science approach uses both quantitative and qualitative techniques to i nterpret and come up with a definite historical account of the social life in a particular society. According to this approach, history can just be studied the same way mathematics and other natural sciences are studied. The social science approach was largely influenced by the industrial revolution that emphasized moral philosophy (Howell, 2001). This methodology employs the use of data and theory depending on what discipline the historian intents to study. Empirical observations and logic are the major components of the social science historical methodology. This approach differs with the materialism theory in the sense that the evidence collected is thoroughly studied using scientific methods. The social actions of a particular society are studied using statistical techniques such as open-ended interviews and questionnaires that are administered to a sample population. This approach is very comprehensive compared to the previous methodologies in the sense that it explains and des cribes historical findings rather than just predicting (Howell, 2001). The social science approach tests all hypotheses to establish the truth in them. All the possible explanations of a particular social action are provided by this approach. The study of social and cultural issues of the society has led to the development of new methodologies and approaches in order to increase the chances of coming up with more accurate results (Tosh, 2000). Social history has been replaced by cultural history due to the fact that the culture of the society preserves all the aspects of a particular society. Anthropology is a social science discipline that tends to explain the cultural orientation of different societies. The study of social and cultural histories of a particular community is very vital in the sense that it helps give a particular sense of identity to the community. Anthropology uses scientific and statistical methods to explain how the society is set up socially and culturally.Adve rtising Looking for term paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This new approach aims at describing the society in detail since the social science approach only deals with social life. This new approach bases it explanations on real facts rather than predictions and imagination. Social trends in the society are what forms social history which is established by using scientific methods. Social history explores how ordinary people within a society live (Tosh, 2000). Both political and intellectual histories are justified by the findings in the social field. The new social history approach explores the social history of a society in detail including labor history, family history, ethnic history, educational history together with demographic history. The new social approach is extended by the cultural approach that was established recently. The new cultural approach focuses more on cultural traditional customs, arts, languages and cultural interpretation of historical experiences (Tosh, 2000). The new cultural approach challenges the materialism ap proach which only highlights economic changes as a source of history. The cultural approach takes a lot of time because of the many cultural elements explored during research and analysis. Gender history is another type of historical approach that specifically explores the past from the gender perspective. This method tends to focus on the history of women and their changing roles in the society (Tosh, 2000). This type of historical approach has only been in place for a very short time but the impact it has made to the general field of history can not be underestimated. The gender approach faced a lot of challenges in its initial stages as many people were reluctant to accept women history as a historical discipline. This made the proponents of this approach to change its name from women history to gender history. This approach has gained a lot of support because many women are now getting interested in the historical profession. Women historians have been accused of being biased as they tend to highlight feminine issues rather than the general gender issues (Howell, 2001). The gender approach is categorized under supplementary history because women were conspicuously missing in the majority of previous historical recordings. This approach focuses on highlighting and position and role of women in history. Women play a very important role in the history of any community and the fact other historical methodologies do not highlight their contribution; the supporters of the gender approach have always challenged the credibility of previous historical approaches (Howell, 2001). The post modern historical approach includes both post-structural and post-colonial histories. The postmodern historical approach completely challenges all other traditional approaches by stating that there is a very thin line between facts and fiction. Postmodernists perceive all historical accounts as fiction. The postmodern approach encourages historians to use history as a way of promoti ng an ideology (Tosh, 2000). This methodology focuses on revising recorded history with an aim protecting social minorities from oppression. Postmodern history plays a major role in exposing past injustices with an aim of correcting them. The post-modern approach is always criticized for being radical and generalizing all historical events as fiction. Some of the injustices exposed by postmodern history include slavery, colonialism and other forms of oppression. The postmodern approach retells histories so that the oppressed groups in the society are empowered (Tosh, 2000). According to postmodernists, there is no way that the society can correct past mistakes if in the first place the people are not aware of the mistakes that were committed in the past. Postmodern historians argue that it is inevitable to avoid bias in history (Tosh, 2000). In conclusion, historical methodologies help historians a great deal in exploring the past. New historical approaches have been developed in or der too explore the past in detail. The discovery of many historical disciplines has contributed to the changes experienced in historical approaches. Each historical approach has got its theories and ideologies which gives historians the freedom to choose an approach that is relevant to their areas of specialization. Historical methodologies have completely change the way historical studies are conducted and as a result enabling the society to understand its past and at the same time use the historical knowledge to shape the present and the future. References Green, A. (1999). The houses of history: a critical reader in the twentieth century history and theory. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Howell, M. (2001). From reliable sources: an introduction to historical methods. New York, NY: Cornell University Press. Tosh, J. (2000). The pursuit of history: aims, methods and new directions in the study of modern history (5th ed.). London: Longman. This term paper on Historical Methodologies was written and submitted by user Maxton V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Into The Wild

Relevancy of Life and Death At the beginning of reading â€Å"Into the Wild†, the more I read the more I started to question whether Chris McCandless was wrong for doing what he did. Primarily the issue at hand to me with this entire story is whether Chris McCandless’s actions are relative or not? Ultimately Chris was a product of the stereotypical life many teenagers live today. McCandless grew up with good parents that cared for him and his future. Chris also had a younger sister to which he was close to. As they grew up, it was noticeable that Chris was academically sound. He goes through everything that is common today in society: the public school system and not to mention college only to portray an unfortunate early death. Further into the book, the first thing I asked myself was, â€Å"How could this kid have gone through all the crap that is supposed to somehow secure a prosperous future, and then in the end, wind up dead from starvation?† At the time I felt his death was self educed. I mean surely it is reasonable to believe that if someone has the intelligence to go through all the prescribed nonsense in society and come out with a GPA of 3.73, that this individual will somehow achieve some form of success in their life. Chris McCandless got through everything and basically tossed it out the window because he had realized that it wasn’t for him. He was a product of the system Chris, in the end, rejected. First off, I did not really believe McCandless’s actions were relevant, merely because I was not fully aware of his purpose. The reason I was not sure is because all I knew at first was that his journey is what killed him. So in the beginning, I definitely assumed that n o matter what I was going to read, in the end, I still would believe his journey wasn’t worth it. The reason I say this, is merely because you can’t deny the fact that if he wouldn’t have gone on this extremely ill prepared journey... Free Essays on Into The Wild Free Essays on Into The Wild Relevancy of Life and Death At the beginning of reading â€Å"Into the Wild†, the more I read the more I started to question whether Chris McCandless was wrong for doing what he did. Primarily the issue at hand to me with this entire story is whether Chris McCandless’s actions are relative or not? Ultimately Chris was a product of the stereotypical life many teenagers live today. McCandless grew up with good parents that cared for him and his future. Chris also had a younger sister to which he was close to. As they grew up, it was noticeable that Chris was academically sound. He goes through everything that is common today in society: the public school system and not to mention college only to portray an unfortunate early death. Further into the book, the first thing I asked myself was, â€Å"How could this kid have gone through all the crap that is supposed to somehow secure a prosperous future, and then in the end, wind up dead from starvation?† At the time I felt his death was self educed. I mean surely it is reasonable to believe that if someone has the intelligence to go through all the prescribed nonsense in society and come out with a GPA of 3.73, that this individual will somehow achieve some form of success in their life. Chris McCandless got through everything and basically tossed it out the window because he had realized that it wasn’t for him. He was a product of the system Chris, in the end, rejected. First off, I did not really believe McCandless’s actions were relevant, merely because I was not fully aware of his purpose. The reason I was not sure is because all I knew at first was that his journey is what killed him. So in the beginning, I definitely assumed that n o matter what I was going to read, in the end, I still would believe his journey wasn’t worth it. The reason I say this, is merely because you can’t deny the fact that if he wouldn’t have gone on this extremely ill prepared journey... Free Essays on Into The Wild Chris McCandless was a passionate youth searching for something. His humdrum existence, Krakauer suggests, encouraged McCandless’s entry into the wild- not just to escape from civilization but to discover himself. Of his readings, McCandless enjoyed Tolstoy, London, and Thoreau so much that he highlighted many of their passages in his books. They were calling him. The comforts of every day life were not satisfying his need for adventure and enlightenment. McCandless felt concern and displacement with the disposition of our world and wanted to rid himself of it for a while. Maybe his step into the wilderness was an attempted mission to improve civilization- â€Å"his need for a purpose.† Civilization did not have a place for him- surely the arms of nature would greet him with enthusiasm. McCandless entered the extreme Alaskan trail, crowning Jack London as king. His arrival and stay was to evoke clarity, without authority and without the advancement of technology. The philosophy McCandless took was that every day should be different, a new adventure. In a letter to Ron Franz, McCandless assures Franz, â€Å"If you want to get more out of life, Ron, you must lose your inclination for monotonous security...The very basic core of man’s living spirit is his passion for adventure. The joy of life comes from our encounters with new experiences...† Not only did McCandless experience new terrain along with its beauty, but he encountered many people. Many lives were altered just crossing the path of McCandless. Krakauer’s life was changed; he felt a connection with McCandless after he reported on the boy’s demise. He identified with McCandless as the two shared an intense odyssey in which their problems didn’t magically disappear but instead they came closer to understanding themselves. Each was uncovering his soul whereas most individuals are happy being ignorant. Instead of risking their securities so... Free Essays on Into The Wild Exploratory Essay By Kristy Gates When I first started reading â€Å"Into the Wild,† I thought to myself, â€Å"Why exactly is this boy leaving everything that he knew and loved to go on this journey?† Put himself in complete danger by hitchhiking his way ALONE to Alaska. He gave up all of his possessions and the $25,000 that he had saved up to charity. What was the point? In the end, it shows that the only way that this story could’ve turned out, was him lying dead and decomposing and found by a moose hunter. How else could the story have turned out besides that way? McCandless had nothing. Nothing at all, nothing to support himself in any way whatsoever. In the beginning of this book, there is an author’s note, basically telling everyone the story plot and what will, in the end, happen to this young man on his way to â€Å"living off the wild.† It tells his real name, Christopher Johnson McCandless, also, it tells that he had given $25,000 in saving to charity, abandoned his car and most of his possessions, burned all the cash in his wallet, and invented a new life for himself. Chris McCandless came from what most people would like to call a â€Å"well-to-do† family on the East Coast. The boy was probably no more than 19 years old, but was on his way to a life of his own by hitchhiking to Alaska into the wilderness. He graduated from Emory University in the summer of 1990, but shortly afterwards; McCandless was not seen for quite some time by his family and peers. He had invented a new life for himself by now wandering across North America in search of himself. His family had no idea where he was or even where to start looking. McCandless was a stubborn young man and did not mesh well with what was considered modern society. He was captivated by the writings of Leo Tolstoy. He admired how the great novelist had a life of wealth and privilege. Chris McCandless was out in the wilderness for sixteen weeks. In the end, ...

Money and Banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Money and Banking - Essay Example This is because the financial crisis has deeper roots. The global credit crunch has been traced by economists and media pundits to be caused by the sub prime mortgage crisis which has disrupted the US financial system, which effect has impacted many of the advanced economies of the world. According to the article, the ‘financialization’ of the US economy by speculative activities in order to hoard capital is the major reason for the global crisis—where the economy has overcapacity of capital but no increase in production in order to back it up. In order to understand it better, the authors have linked first the global financial crisis to the subsequent events that has appeared which may have been the trigger, but not the sole cause of it. While according to the article, this financialization process which is caused by speculation of capital increased the supply of capital in the economy, and not because of faster growth of production may have taken place a couple of decades ago, the trigger has occurred when asset bubbles appeared and the Fed has started ‘to make preemptive attacks.’ The trigger starts back after the 2000 stock market crash. According to the article, there are several policies which aimed to prevent â€Å"economic catastrophes† from happening. When the housing bubble occurred in 2006 at the same time interest rates are increased by Fed in order to regulate inflation, the housing sector as well as mortgage-backed securities faced a meltdown. This has been the start of the chain of events that lead to the global financial crisis. However, according to the authors, Fed’s efforts in order to address the crisis by bailing out several financial institutions will result in the effect that it aims to promote because the problem lies in a much deeper issue. While many economists and media pundits trace back the

THE (ME )IN LEADERSHIP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

THE (ME )IN LEADERSHIP - Essay Example But the definition was too generalized to understand what leadership is really all about; what makes a leader, and what character trait must be learned to become an effective leader. But recent scholars however has synthesized of what really makes a good leader. The idea of being a good leader is no longer as elusive as before. While for others leadership is inherent, it can now be learned integrating the inherent intrinsic quality of an individual and developing it to be become an effective leader. II. The Poster Explained Learning leadership begins with learning the â€Å"self†; to have certainty about himself/herself to as a foundation of confidence to lead and get things done. â€Å"It is necessary for a â€Å"leader, who possesses a clear self-concept through private self-consciousness, to be more likely to possess a strong purpose-in-life. Having a strong purpose involves consistency in self-identity (i.e., self-concept clarity) (Campbell, 1990; Frankl, 1992). The â₠¬Å"possession of a clear self-concept through private self-consciousness enables an individual to recognize the gap between what he or she is (i.e., real self) and what he or she should become (i.e., ideal self). This recognition may enable a leader to develop a strong purpose-in-life by setting goals in order to narrow the gap between the real and ideal self (Frankl, 1992; Marcus & Wurf, 1987). This clarity and lucidness of self-concept is necessary not only to get things done but also to harmonize my inner sense of self to what my peers sees in me. This â€Å"self-concept of reality is again distinct from the contents of the self-structure and is instead the level of lucidity and certitude of one's own understanding of that content- how well the leader thinks they know themselves. Campbell et al. (1996). This clear awareness of myself translates to a clearer sense of goal and purpose which will evolve to Self-Belief. Self-belief, which is the inner confidence that I will succeed and overcome any obstacle to achieve the best outcomes for service improvement. This Self-Belief attribute also will enable me to transcend myself. To be conscious how I see myself and how others sees me as well. As Abraham Maslow (1968) elaborates â€Å"He thinks that there is much more to us than what we mirror about the world around us, writing, "there is not only an orientation to the outer but also to the inner". This â€Å"mirroring as the reflections of self that a group member encounters in other group members, in the group leader, or in the group as a whole (Bion, 1961) harmonizes us within and eliminates discord beginning from perception of how I look myself through my peers. This type of mirroring can include the psychological mechanisms of denial, splitting, projection, introjection, indentification and projective and introjective indentification (Pisani, Colangeli, Giordani, & Popolla, 2006). On the other side of the mirror(s) lies the possibility of self-knowledge an d true relationship. When group members can recognize and own their projections, when they can work with them carefully and honestly in group, when they can bear the reflection(s) of their full identities, they can know more about themselves. Such, this sensitivity towards myself and others comes to mind the idea of myself likening to a dynamo whom the